Flora of Smoke Tree and Coachwhip Canyons


Introduction
Checklist


Introduction

This checklist is a start at a flora of Smoke Tree and Coachwhip Canyons. It contains a list of the species with reasonably-certain identifications from a single survey of Smoke Tree Canyon on 26 February 2008, and a single survey of Coachwhip Canyon on 28 November 2008. It also includes species vouchered and found from a fairly-large surrounding area, since many of those may prove to be present in these canyons.

The Smoke Tree / Coachwhip Canyon area is delineated by the red rectangle in the following map:

The route surveyed on 26 February 2008 is shown in red on the following map; the route surveyed on 28 November 2008 is shown in green:

There is a fairly large area for parking along either side of the road at mile marker 34.5 on S22 for Smoke Tree Canyon, and at mile marker 34.8 for Coachwhip Canyon.

Smoke Tree Canyon Survey

The survey on 26 February 2008 covered 2.2 miles from elevation 920 feet to 1560 feet, and thus did not cover the full extent of the Canyon to the natural rock tanks shown in the above map.

The survey found 80 taxa that could be fairly-confidently identified, given in the checklist below, along with five other species that could not yet be fully identified. Those species were: an unknown grass perhaps developing an inflorescence like Achnatherum; a suncup with no basal rosette; a Boerhavia species with a mostly terminal inflorescence with short peduncles; and two Ephedra species, one possibly similar to E. viridis and the other possibly similar to E. fasciculata var. clokeyi.

The locations of (generally) the first occurrence of all 85 taxa are shown in the plot below:

Some taxa were found at the same location, especially near the beginning of the survey, so there are fewer than 85 points plotted above.

Usually, most of the taxa in any survey are found near the starting point, but the above plot shows that we continued to encounter significant numbers of new species going up the canyon.

Coachwhip Canyon Survey

The survey on 28 November 2008 covered 2.8 miles from elevation 910 feet to 1400 feet.

The survey found 53 taxa that could be fairly-confidently identified, given in the checklist below, along with five other species that could not yet be fully identified. Those species were: two different Cryptantha species, at least one of which was very abundant; a perennial small grass; an abundant dead annual with broad basal leaves and capsule fruit; and an unknown very abundant dead Asteraceae annual.

Note that the Coachwhip Canyon Survey is very incomplete for annuals and perennials, since it was done in late November.

Additional Taxa in the Checklist

The checklist contains a total of 93 taxa found in either Smoke Tree or Coachwhip Canyons, plus species vouchered from a much larger area, the southeast Santa Rosa Mountains north of S22 and the Borrego Badlands south of S22, as well as a few taxa found only from surveys in the nearby areas listed below. The final checklist contains 214 taxa. Note that the checklist contains a handful of taxa given only to the species that will be found to be one of the subspecies also given in the checklist.

Checklist for Smoke Tree Canyon

The Checklist is sorted first by category - ferns, gymnosperms, dicots, and monocots - and then by family and scientific name. The Family and Scientific Name are from the Jepson Manual, with the family name represented by its first three letters (see Plant Family Abbreviations). An asterisk before the Common Name indicates a non-native taxon.

The column labeled # Plants/Areas indicates whether a taxon was present in the 26 February 2008 survey, and give a rough estimate of the number of plants and number of locations for each species in the entire survey. Maximum values are 99 plants, and 9 locations. The main intent here is to indicate the species for which I found very few plants or locations.

The final two columns give the number of vouchers for each taxon found in the southeast Santa Rosa Mountains north of S22 (SRM) and the Borrego Badlands south of S22 (Badland).

A few additional taxa from other surveys in the southeast Santa Rosa Mountains are also included. Those taxa have no entries in the last three columns. The other surveys are: the nearby Villager Peak Trail, Palo Verde Canyon and Palm Wash / Calcite Mine Area, and The Extreme Northeast Corner of San Diego County.

Version for printing, without lines and other text on this page: html (8 pages) or pdf Clickbook booklet (2 double-sided pages). (See printing instructions for an explanation of these options)

#FAMScientific Name(*)Common NameSmoketree
#
Plants
/Areas
Coachwhip
#
Plants
/Areas
#
SRM
#
Bad-
land
1PTECheilanthes parryiwoolly lipfern  11
2CUPJuniperus californicaCalifornia juniper  2 
3EPHEphedra asperaMormon tea  2 
4PINPinus monophyllapinyon pine  1 
5AMATidestromia oblongifoliaArizona honeysweet  1 
6ANARhus trilobatabasketbush  2 
7ASCAsclepias albicanswhite-stemmed milkweed 2/121
8ASCAsclepias subulatarush milkweed 10/512
9ASCSarcostemma hirtellumrambling milkweed5/110/211
10ASTAdenophyllum porophylloidesSan Felipe dogweed3/3 1 
11ASTAmbrosia dumosaburroweed30/930/921
12ASTBaileya pauciradiataColorado Desert marigold  14
13ASTBebbia juncea var. asperasweetbush50/999/93 
14ASTBrickellia arguta var. argutaCalifornia spear-leaved brickellia  1 
15ASTCalycoseris wrightiiwhite tackstem99/9 3 
16ASTChaenactis artemisiifoliameally white pincushion  11
17ASTChaenactis carphocliniapebble pincushion20/1   
18ASTChaenactis carphoclinia var. carphocliniapebble pincushion  2 
19ASTChaenactis carphoclinia var. peirsoniiPeirson's pincushion  11
20ASTChaenactis fremontiiFremont pincushion  1 
21ASTChaenactis stevioidesdesert pincushion    
22ASTChrysothamnus teretifoliusneedle-leaved rabbitbrush  1 
23ASTDicoria canescensdesert dicoria   5
24ASTEncelia farinosabrittlebush50/999/924
25ASTEncelia frutescensbutton encelia   3
26ASTEricameria linearifolianarrowleaf goldenbush  1 
27ASTGeraea canescenshairy desert-sunflower  12
28ASTHelianthus niveus ssp. canescensgray desert sunflower   4
29ASTHelianthus niveus ssp. tephrodesAlgodones Dunes sunflower   2
30ASTHymenoclea salsola var. salsolacheesebush99/999/933
31ASTIsocoma acradenia var. acradeniaalkali goldenbush   1
32ASTMalacothrix glabratadesert dandelion    
33ASTMonoptilon bellioidesdesert star  42
34ASTPalafoxia arida var. aridadesert needle20/52/224
35ASTPectis papposa var. papposachinch-weed   1
36ASTPerityle emoryiEmory's rock-daisy40/920/551
37ASTPeucephyllum schottiipygmy-cedar4/1 33
38ASTPleurocoronis plurisetaarrow-leaf10/210/31 
39ASTRafinesquia neomexicanadesert chicory10/9 11
40ASTSenecio mohavensisMojave ragwort10/2 2 
41ASTSonchus oleraceus*sow thistle  1 
42ASTStephanomeria pauciflora var. pauciflorawire-lettuce40/910/31 
43ASTTrichoptilium incisumyellow-head  3 
44ASTTrixis californica var. californicaCalifornia trixis2/2   
45ASTViguiera parishiiParish's viguiera  1 
46ASTXylorhiza orcuttiiOrcutt's woody-aster 30/932
47BIGChilopsis linearis ssp. arcuatadesert-willow   1
48BORCryptantha angustifolianarrow-leaved cryptantha  41
49BORCryptantha barbigerabearded cryptantha5/5 71
50BORCryptantha costataribbed cryptantha   1
51BORCryptantha ganderiGander's cryptantha   2
52BORCryptantha maritimaGuadalupe cryptantha30/9 21
53BORCryptantha micranthapurple-root cryptantha  1 
54BORCryptantha pterocaryawing-nut cryptantha3/1   
55BORCryptantha pterocarya var. cyclopterawing-nut cryptantha  1 
56BORCryptantha racemosabushy cryptantha  1 
57BORPectocarya heterocarpachuckwalla pectocarya5/1 21
58BORPectocarya platycarpabroad-fruited combseed5/1  1
59BORPectocarya recurvatacurvenut combseed  1 
60BORTiquilia palmeriPalmer's coldenia  12
61BORTiquilia plicataplicate coldenia    
62BRABrassica tournefortii*Asian mustard99/910/331
63BRADescurainia pinnata ssp. glabrasmooth western tansy-mustard 10/11 
64BRADithyrea californicaspectacle-pod  22
65BRADraba cuneifoliawedge-leaved draba  1 
66BRAGuillenia lasiophyllaCalifornia mustard10/1   
67BRALepidium lasiocarpum var. lasiocarpumhairy-podded pepper-grass30/7 41
68BRALyrocarpa coulteri var. palmeriCoulter's lyrepod   3
69BRASisymbrium irio*London rocket20/9 31
70BRAStreptanthella longirostrislongbeak streptanthella  1 
71CACEchinocactus polycephalus var. polycephaluscottontop cactus  5 
72CACEchinocereus engelmanniiEngelmann's hedgehog cactus  2 
73CACFerocactus cylindraceusCalifornia barrel cactus2/13/33 
74CACMammillaria tetrancistrafish-hook cactus 5/1  
75CACOpuntia basilaris var. basilarisbeavertail cactus1/15/32 
76CACOpuntia bigeloviiteddy-bear cholla2/22/1  
77CACOpuntia echinocarpasilver cholla3/320/9 1
78CACOpuntia erinaceaMojave prickly-pear  1 
79CACOpuntia ganderiGander's cholla 10/3  
80CACOpuntia ramosissimapencil cholla2/210/91 
81CAMNemacladus glanduliferusglandular nemacladus    
82CAMNemacladus glanduliferus var. glanduliferusglandular nemacladus   1
83CAMNemacladus rubescensdesert nemacladus  1 
84CAPCleomella obtusifoliaMojave cleomella   2
85CARAchyronychia cooperifrost mat  21
86CHEAtriplex canescens ssp. canescensfour-wing saltbush 7/3 1
87CHEAtriplex hymenelytradesert holly5/250/913
88CHEAtriplex polycarpacattle saltbush 10/3  
89CHEChenopodium murale*nettle-leaved goosefoot  12
90CHEMonolepis nuttallianaNuttall's poverty weed   1
91CRACrassula connatapygmy-weed    
92CROCrossosoma bigeloviirock crossosoma  1 
93CUCCucurbita palmatacoyote melon  1 
94ERIArctostaphylos glaucabigberry manzanita  2 
95EUPBernardia myricifoliawestern bernardia  1 
96EUPChamaesyce polycarpasmall-seeded spurge40/930/931
97EUPCroton californicusCalifornia croton   8
98EUPDitaxis lanceolatanarrowleaf ditaxis10/9 41
99EUPEuphorbia erianthabeetle spurge20/9 1 
100EUPStillingia spinulosaannual stillingia   3
101FABAcacia greggiicatclaw50/920/9  
102FABAstragalus crotalariaeSalton milk-vetch 1/1 2
103FABAstragalus lentiginosus var. borreganusBorrego milk-vetch   2
104FABAstragalus nuttallianus var. cedrosensisCedros milk-vetch  1 
105FABCalliandra eriophyllafairyduster  1 
106FABCercidium floridum ssp. floridumblue palo verde1/1 62
107FABDalea mollissilky dalea  13
108FABDalea mollissimadowny dalea1?/1? 1 
109FABLotus salsuginosus var. brevivexillusshort-bannered coastal lotus  1 
110FABLotus strigosusstrigose lotus99/910/22 
111FABLupinus arizonicusArizona lupine99/930/912
112FABLupinus concinnusbajada lupine    
113FABMarina parryiParry's marina  1 
114FABOlneya tesotaironwood1/1   
115FABProsopis glandulosa var. torreyanahoney mesquite   1
116FABPsorothamnus emoryiEmory's indigo-bush 1/11 
117FABPsorothamnus schottiiindigo bush40/920/53 
118FABPsorothamnus spinosussmoke tree99/999/91 
119FABSenna covesiiCoves's cassia  1 
120FAGQuercus cornelius-mulleridesert scrub oak  1 
121FOUFouquieria splendens ssp. splendensocotillo99/950/952
122GERErodium texanumTexas filaree   1
123HYDEmmenanthe penduliflora var. penduliflorawhispering bells10/3 2 
124HYDEucrypta micranthadesert eucrypta  11
125HYDPhacelia crenulata var. ambiguaheliotrope phacelia99/940/941
126HYDPhacelia crenulata var. minutifloralittle-flowered heliotrope phacelia   1
127HYDPhacelia distanscommon phacelia  1 
128HYDPhacelia neglectaalkali phacelia   1
129KRAKrameria erectaPima rhatany1/1 11
130KRAKrameria grayiwhite rhatany1/130/92 
131LAMHyptis emoryidesert-lavender50/920/931
132LAMMonardella nanalittle monardella  2 
133LAMSalvia columbariaechia  1 
134LAMSalvia vaseyiVasey's sage  1 
135LOAMentzelia desertorumdesert blazing star  1 
136LOAMentzelia involucratabracted blazing star2/2 31
137LOAPetalonyx thurberi ssp. thurberiThurber's sandpaper-plant2/210/32 
138MALEremalche rotundifoliadesert five-spot  11
139MALHibiscus denudatusrock hibiscus5/11/12 
140MALHorsfordia newberryiNewberry's velvet mallow10/3 3 
141MALSphaeralcea ambiguaapricot mallow    
142MALSphaeralcea ambigua var. rosacearosy apricot mallow  1 
143NYCAbronia villosa var. villosahairy sand-verbena  39
144NYCAllionia incarnatatrailing four o'clock10/31/121
145NYCBoerhavia wrightiiWright's spiderling   1
146NYCMirabilis bigeloviiBigelow's desert four-o'clock    
147NYCMirabilis bigelovii var. bigeloviiBigelow's desert four-o'clock  21
148NYCMirabilis bigelovii var. retrorsawishbone plant20/91/1  
149NYCMirabilis californicaCalifornia four o'clock  1 
150ONACamissonia boothii ssp. condensataBooth's desert primrose10/310/122
151ONACamissonia californicaCalifornia suncup99/940/912
152ONACamissonia cardiophylla ssp. cardiophyllaheartleaf sun-cup1/1 31
153ONACamissonia chamaenerioideslong-fruit suncup  1 
154ONACamissonia claviformis ssp. aurantiacabrown-eyed primrose    
155ONACamissonia claviformis ssp. peirsoniibrown-eyed primrose99/999/952
156ONAOenothera deltoides ssp. deltoidesdune primrose 1/1 1
157OROOrobanche cooperiCooper's broom-rape2/2 2 
158PAPEschscholzia minutiflora ssp. minutiflorasmall-flowered poppy99/9 1 
159PAPEschscholzia parishiiParish's poppy99/9 41
160PLAPlantago ovatadesert plantain1/130/931
161POLGilia latifoliabroad-leaf gilia4/3 31
162POLGilia stellatastar gilia10/5 21
163POLLangloisia setosissima ssp. setosissimabristly langloisia  21
164POLLinanthus jonesiiJones' linanthus  1 
165POLLoeseliastrum matthewsiidesert calico  1 
166POLChorizanthe brevicornu var. brevicornubrittle spineflower20/910/121
167POLChorizanthe corrugatawrinkled spineflower  11
168POLChorizanthe rigidadevil's spineflower 1/111
169POLEriogonum deflexum var. deflexumflat-topped buckwheat 10/3 1
170POLEriogonum fasciculatum var. polifoliumCalifornia buckwheat  1 
171POLEriogonum inflatumdesert trumpet30/93/121
172POLEriogonum saxatilerock buckwheat  2 
173POLEriogonum thomasiiThomas' buckwheat20/920/93 
174POLEriogonum wrightii var. membranaceumWright's buckwheat  1 
175POLPterostegia drymarioidesthreadstem1/1   
176PORCalandrinia ambiguadesert red maids  11
177RAFPilostyles thurberiThurber's pilostyles   1
178RANClematis lasianthavirgin's bower   1
179RESOligomeris linifolianarrowleaf oligomeris  31
180RHARhamnus ilicifoliahollyleaf redberry  1 
181ROSCercocarpus betuloides var. betuloidesbirch-leaf mountain-mahogany  1 
182ROSColeogyne ramosissimablack brush  1 
183SCRAntirrhinum filipesdesert twining snapdragon  1 
184SCRMohavea confertifloraghost flower  3 
185SOLDatura discolordesert thornapple1/1   
186SOLLycium parishiiParish's desert-thorn    
187SOLNicotiana obtusifoliadesert tobacco5/1 12
188SOLPhysalis crassifoliathick-leaved ground cherry1/1 21
189STEAyenia compactaayenia  1 
190VISPhoradendron californicumdesert mistletoe10/98/44 
191ZYGFagonia laevisCalifornia fagonia    
192ZYGFagonia pachyacanthasticky fagonia3/3 2 
193ZYGLarrea tridentatacreosote bush50/930/961
194ZYGTribulus terrestris*puncture-vine   1
195LILAgave desertidesert agave5/1   
196LILHesperocallis undulatadesert lily  14
197LILNolina parryiParry's nolina  1 
198LILYucca schidigeraMohave yucca  1 
199ORCEpipactis giganteastream orchid  2 
200POAAchnatherum hymenoidesIndian ricegrass   4
201POAAchnatherum speciosumdesert needlegrass  1 
202POAAristida adscensionissix-weeks three-awn3/3 3 
203POAAristida purpureapurple three-awn1/1   
204POAAristida purpurea var. nealleyiNealley three-awn  1 
205POAAristida purpurea var. parishiiParish three-awn  1 
206POABouteloua curtipendulaside-oats grama  1 
207POABromus madritensis ssp. rubens*red brome   1
208POAErioneuron pulchellumfluff grass  1 
209POAMelica imperfectacoast-range melic  1 
210POAPleuraphis rigidabig galleta20/940/921
211POASchismus barbatus*Mediterranean schismus99/9 31
212POAVulpia bromoides*brome fescue10/1   
213POAVulpia myuros var. hirsuta*hairy rattail fescue  1 
214POAVulpia octoflora var. hirtellahairy six-weeks fescue  1 


Go to:




Copyright © 2008 by Tom Chester, Wayne Armstrong, James Dillane, and Bill Sullivan
Permission is freely granted to reproduce any or all of this page as long as credit is given to us at this source:
http://tchester.org/sd/plants/floras/smoke_tree_canyon.html
Comments and feedback: Tom Chester
Last update: 1 December 2008