Flora of Northeast Vallecito Mountains and Adjacent Lower Borrego Valley

Panorama of the entrance to the Elephant Tree Area, which is the alluvial fan beyond the gap between the low hills on the left and right. Above the alluvial fan is the main mass of the Vallecito Mountains in the distance. The photograph was taken from Split Mountain Road at the San Diego / Imperial County Line about six miles south of Ocotillo Wells, looking west, on 1 December 2009. The dirt road to the Elephant Tree Discovery Trail is in the foreground.

See also a panorama of six photographs looking north and east from the lower end of Starfish Cove taken on 27 December 2009. The largest green blotches on the hillside in that panorama are Elephant Trees.

Michael Charters' Photo Galleries from 11 March 2010 and 13 February 2010 contain many beautiful photographs from this area.

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The Checklist has been updated from all 10 days of fieldwork through 21 February 2013, but the text has not yet been updated. 11 additional species have been included from a survey of a nearby area of the Fish Creek Mountains

Introduction
Checklist

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Introduction

This checklist is a start at a true flora of the northeast Vallecito Mountains and the adjacent Lower Borrego Valley.

There are several botanical highlights of the flora here, which we will detail in the future. Perhaps the most interesting is that so far our surveys have not found a single non-native species in Alma Canyon and Alma Wash, nor are there any vouchers of non-native species there. The closest non-native species found so far are along Split Mountain Road near Ocotillo Wells. However, since we haven't botanized this area in prime time, we may yet find a few non-native species.

The Vallecito Mountains are somewhat curiously defined. The Vallecito Mountains, the Pinyon Mountains, and the North Pinyon Mountains form a fairly clear mountainous block, and hence logically should have a single name. But somehow the northwestern part of this block has been given the separate names of the Pinyon Mountains and the North Pinyon Mountains.

As a result, the Vallecito Mountains consist of a northeastern portion and a southern portion. The southern portion of the Vallecito Mountains trends mostly east-west, from Whale Peak on the west to Split Mountain on the east, with Hapaha Flat in the middle.

The northeastern portion is sandwiched between the Pinyon Mountains and Yaqui Ridge to the west, and the Fish Creek Mountains to the east. This northeastern portion trends northwest to southeast, following the fault along the southern edge of Lower Borrego Valley. It includes Sunset Mountain, Harper Canyon, Harper Flat, Starfish Cove, and the Elephant Tree Area.

In this flora, we include the adjacent portion of Lower Borrego Valley south of Old Kane Spring Road and west of Split Mountain Road. The Cactus Garden area at the mouth of Harper Canyon is in this area.

Although we haven't settled on exact boundaries of this area, our current concept is described in words as follows, and shown on the first map below. The northern boundary of this area is Old Kane Spring Road, and the eastern boundary is Split Mountain Road to Split Mountain. The southeastern boundary is roughly along a line from Split Mountain to the southeastern edge of the Mescal Bajada. Southeast of Harper Flat, this southeastern boundary is the same as the boundary used by Gander in his Floristic Regions of San Diego County to separate the Borrego Desert area from the Vallecito Area.

The northeastern boundary will probably be something like the southeastern edge of the Mescal Bajada to the junction of SR78 and Old Kane Spring Road. The area northwest of this northeastern boundary probably is better associated with The Narrows and Mescal Bajada, since that area drains into those regions.

The elevation of this area ranges from the benchmark elevation of 67 feet at Split Mountain Road just north of Halfhill Lake (see second map below) to 3657 feet at Sunset Mountain. Almost the entire area drains to the Lower Borrego Valley and then the Salton Sea via northeast or east-flowing drainages. In this respect, this area is similar to the Extreme Northeast San Diego County area.

The species on this checklist come from three sources:

• A search for vouchers in the area close to the Starfish Cove / Elephant Tree Area, done as advance preparation for our first trip to Starfish Cove / Elephant Tree Area on 1 December 2009.

• A Checklist for Starfish Cove by Jon Rebman, which includes the Elephant Tree Area and contains six additional species not found in the voucher list, mostly Opuntia.

• Four checklists compiled in the field for the following areas:
  • the Elephant Tree / Alma Wash area on 1 December 2009 by Tom Chester, Mike Crouse, and RT Hawke;

  • the lower Alma Canyon Area on 9 December 2009 by Tom Chester and Mike Crouse; and

  • the middle Alma Canyon Area on 15 December 2009 by Tom Chester, Mike Crouse, and RT Hawke.

  • the upper Alma Canyon Area below the east end of Starfish Cove on 27 December 2009 by Tom Chester, RT Hawke, Shaun Hawke and Pam Pallette.

The floristic area denoted here is plotted in the following large-scale map:

Voucher locations from this area and nearby are plotted as blue diamonds. The northwest group of vouchers come from the Cactus Garden area; the northeast group from the Old Kane Spring / Split Mountain Road area; the extreme southeast group is at Fish Creek near Split Mountain Road; and the southwest group is from the Dave McCain Spring Area northeast of Hapaha Flat. Future revisions of this checklist will probably remove the southwest group, if they are outside our final choice of the floral area boundary.

The vouchers within the rectangle outlined in black are from the Alma Canyon / Alma Wash area from Starfish Cove on the west and the Elephant Tree Area on the east. The rectangle gives the approximate location of the detail map shown below.

Voucher Records

The vouchers come from a search on 29 November 2009 of the Consortium of California Herbaria.

The Consortium records were searched for vouchers with coordinates between 33.027 and 33.126° N. Latitude, and -116.259 and -116.083 E. Longitude. Localities of those vouchers were examined, and additional searches were made to find ones in San Diego County from those localities, including Starfish Cove; Elephant Tree; Kane Springs Road. The detailed localities of those vouchers were examined and ones not definitely in the target area were eliminated. In particular, I eliminated all vouchers whose localities placed them as being along SR78. (A few vouchers plot on SR78 east of Ocotillo Wells, but their localities are Old Kane Springs Road which is probably different.)

339 vouchers were found of 148 taxa. Four collectors were responsible for 243 (72%) of those vouchers:

# Vouchers	Collector
96	Jon Rebman, Larry Hendrickson
69	Frank F. Gander
49	Joe Barth
29	Margaret R. Mulligan, Thomas Rottler

December 2009 Field Surveys

We compiled separate detailed plant checklists for all species encountered along the four routes shown in the following map:

The approximate location of this detail map is given by the rectangle outlined by black in the large-scale map near the top of this page.

The survey on 1 December 2009 was confined to the alluvial fan / Alma Wash area, and included a small loop near the mouth of Alma Canyon and a larger loop in the middle portion. The total unique mileage surveyed was 4.0 miles. A total of 55 species was found in our 1 December 2009 field survey, of which an amazing 36 (65%) had at least one specimen in bloom. The large number of blooming species was due entirely to a monsoonal thunderstorm on 5 September 2009.

We hiked through roughly, but not exactly, the same route on 9 and 15 December 2009 and found four additional species in this area, for a total of 59 species observed in this area.

The survey on 9 December 2009 covered 0.6 miles above the mouth of Alma Canyon. That survey found a total of 56 species in the Canyon, of which 41 were also found in the 1 December 2009 survey. We hiked through the same route on 15 December 2009 and found two additional species for this area, for a total of 58 species for this section.

The survey on 15 December 2009 covered 0.43 miles above the end point of the 9 December 2009 survey. It found a total of 55 species, including eight species not found in either of the previous two surveys.

The survey on 27 December 2009 covered 1.31 miles above the end point of the 15 December 2009 survey. This was not as thorough a survey as the other surveys, since we spent most of our time just hiking to get to Starfish Cove. Nonetheless, this survey found a total of 57 species.

Eight additional species were found in brief surveys made in two stops also shown on the above map, surveyed briefly on 1 and 9 December 2009.

All surveys together found a total of 94 taxa.

Note that many of the normal winter / spring annuals and perennials are missing from our surveys due to the time of year.

Some of the species we found could not be reliably determined, either because the observed plants were dead (annuals) or were not in bloom and showing their key characteristics. Two of them are identified only to the genera level in the table below: Cuscuta sp. and Ephedra sp. (2 lv'd). Other taxa that need confirmation from plants in bloom are: Descurainia pinnata ssp. glabra; Eriogonum thomasii; Lupinus arizonicus; and Sphaeralcea ambigua var. ambigua. All of these have vouchers from this area, making these the likely determinations, but one never knows for sure without doing a proper determination.

Perhaps the most amazing thing revealed by our surveys is that we did not find a single non-native species in Alma Canyon and Alma Wash. The only non-native species we found were in our stops along Split Mountain Road.

Number of Species in the Combined Checklist

The combined checklist contains 182 taxa, although two of the vouchered species may not be correctly determined and perhaps three or four additional entries may not represent distinct taxa (see below). Of the 182 taxa, 149 are vouchered, 94 were found in our three December surveys, and 62 are present in Rebman's Checklist. Our surveys found 26 species not vouchered from this area or recorded in Rebman's Checklist, an increase of 17% in the total checklist.

Checklist for Northeast Vallecito Mountains

The Checklist follows the 2012 Jepson Manual Second Edition with only a few exceptions.

The Checklist is sorted first by the eight evolutionary categories (clades) used in the 2012 Second Edition Jepson Manual - lycophytes, ferns, etc., to eudicots and monocots - and then by family and scientific name. The clades are labeled in the Checklist. Note that this changes the order of presentation of the taxa from that of the 1993 First Edition.

The family name is abbreviated to the first five characters in order to save space in the table rows.

An asterisk before the Common Name indicates a non-native taxon.

The scientific name is linked to the latest online Jepson Manual description for each species, which also gives the months in which each species flowers. That link also gives a map of where the species occurs in California; a plot of elevation vs. latitude for California; and a histogram of the voucher collections by month.

A few species may not have working links, if their names have been updated more recently (such as Mimulus diffusus, which is still listed under M. palmeri in the online flora), or if they are reserved-judgment taxa which are listed in the entry for another taxon name. However, as of 16 January 2013, the Jepson Manual links have all been updated to link to the parent species for the taxa without their own entries. Taxa linked to anything other than the Jepson Manual link for the full scientific name used below have been indicated with a ^ after the scientific name, and are discussed here.

The common name for most species in the checklist is linked to Calphotos to give pictures of most taxa. Of course, there is no guarantee that the Calphotos pictures are correctly identified.

Note that the link will not always return pictures, since not every species has pictures at Calphotos, and a number of species still have their Calphotos pictures under the Jepson Manual First Edition Names. Some links have been made to the Calphotos pictures using the First Edition Jepson Manual name, if there are no pictures under the Second Edition name. Of course, that may result in a link with no pictures if those the names of those Calphotos pix are updated in the future to the Second Edition names.

Note also that the links below will return only the specified taxon at Calphotos, and not any subtaxa; i.e., a link to Cryptantha barbigera will not return photos of Cryptantha barbigera var. barbigera. There may be additional pictures at Calphotos under a different scientific name such as the First Edition Jepson Manual name.

Some links go to special pages with more information on those species.

The column #Plants gives a rough estimate of the minimum number of plants that we saw, with a maximum value of 99 plants. The main intent of this column is to indicate the species for which we found very few plants. Separate estimates are given for Alma Canyon (header AC); and for the rest of the area in the Elephant Tree area, as shown on the above map (header (El).

The columns with header #V give the number of vouchers found in this area. In the list below, the vouchers for Glorietta Canyon and Yaqui Meadows were combined to save space, under the header of Gl. The header YP gives the number of vouchers in the Yaqui Pass Area.

The column #V is the number of vouchers for each taxon from the Consortium, with a maximum value of 9. An entry of Rb is a species that appears on the Rebman checklist for Starfish Cove that has no vouchers here.

All Gutierrezia plants in our surveys have been assigned to G. californica. Plants called G. sarothrae here are the same taxon, intermediate between those two species found outside southern California.

We have assigned all Aristida purpurea plants just to the species name.

Notes for some of the taxa:

• The vouchered Camissonia brevipes may not be correctly determined. Jon Rebman informed us that other vouchers previously determined to be this species in San Diego County turned out to be misdetermined.

• The vouchered Chaenactis xantiana may not be correctly determined. Jon Rebman informed us that two of the three reported vouchers of this species in San Diego County turned out to be misdetermined, and this third voucher has not yet been reexamined.

• The vouchered Ditaxis californica is probably just a glabrous form of D. neomexicana and thus is not a separate species. See the 2006 Rebman and Simpson Checklist of the Vascular Plants of San Diego County.

• The Menodora scoparia reported on Rebman's Starfish Cove checklist is the same as the vouchered Menodora scabra. Although these two species have been combined since Rebman did his checklist, the specimens here almost surely conform to the Menodora scoparia species concept in the 1993 Jepson Manual. Hence we have chosen to list both species here.

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#	Family	Scientific Name	(*)Common Name	#V	# Plants
					AC	El
Lycopods
1	Selag	Selaginella eremophila	desert spike-moss	1
Ferns
2	Pteri	Cheilanthes parryi	woolly lipfern	3	24	11
3	Pteri	Notholaena californica	California cloak fern	1
Gymnosperms
4	Cupre	Juniperus californica	California juniper	3
5	Ephed	Ephedra aspera	Mormon tea	3	57	11
Eudicots
6	Acant	Justicia californica	chuparosa	3	99	99
7	Amara	Amaranthus albus	*tumble pigweed
8	Amara	Amaranthus fimbriatus	fringed amaranth		8	30
9	Amara	Tidestromia suffruticosa var. oblongifolia	Arizona honeysweet	1
10	Apocy	Asclepias albicans	white-stemmed milkweed	1
11	Apocy	Funastrum hirtellum	rambling milkweed	2	99	99
12	Aster	Adenophyllum porophylloides	San Felipe dogweed	2	4	4
13	Aster	Ambrosia dumosa	burroweed	2	99	99
14	Aster	Ambrosia salsola var. salsola	cheesebush	4		99
15	Aster	Baccharis brachyphylla	short-leaved baccharis	1
16	Aster	Bahiopsis parishii	Parish's viguiera		7	1
17	Aster	Baileya pauciradiata	Colorado Desert marigold	1
18	Aster	Bebbia juncea var. aspera	sweetbush	5	99	99
19	Aster	Brickellia atractyloides var. arguta	California spear-leaved brickellia	1
20	Aster	Brickellia desertorum	desert brickellia	1
21	Aster	Calycoseris wrightii	white tackstem	5	4	69
22	Aster	Chaenactis carphoclinia var. carphoclinia	pebble pincushion	2		99
23	Aster	Chaenactis fremontii	Fremont pincushion		10
24	Aster	Chaenactis stevioides	desert pincushion	2		99
25	Aster	Chaenactis xantiana	Xantus' chaenactis	1
26	Aster	Dicoria canescens	desert dicoria	1
27	Aster	Encelia farinosa	brittlebush		82	99
28	Aster	Encelia frutescens	button encelia	4
29	Aster	Geraea canescens	hairy desert-sunflower	3
30	Aster	Gutierrezia californica	California matchweed	1	5
31	Aster	Isocoma acradenia var. eremophila	solitary-leaved alkali goldenbush	1
32	Aster	Logfia arizonica	Arizona herba impia	1		60
33	Aster	Logfia depressa	dwarf filago	1		1
34	Aster	Logfia filaginoides	California filago			35
35	Aster	Malacothrix glabrata	desert dandelion	2	1	11
36	Aster	Malperia tenuis	brown turbans	3	99	99
37	Aster	Monoptilon bellioides	desert star	3	1	99
38	Aster	Palafoxia arida var. arida	desert needle	4		99
39	Aster	Pectis papposa var. papposa	chinch-weed	1		99
40	Aster	Perityle emoryi	Emory's rock-daisy	4	7	99
41	Aster	Pleurocoronis pluriseta	arrow-leaf	2	99	66
42	Aster	Prenanthella exigua	bright-white			2
43	Aster	Rafinesquia neomexicana	desert chicory	1	1	99
44	Aster	Senecio mohavensis	Mojave ragwort	4		99
45	Aster	Sonchus oleraceus	*sow thistle			1
46	Aster	Stephanomeria pauciflora	wire-lettuce	2	52	99
47	Aster	Stylocline intertexta	tangled nest-straw	1
48	Aster	Trichoptilium incisum	yellow-head	1	1	99
49	Aster	Trixis californica var. californica	California trixis	1	7	1
50	Aster	Xylorhiza orcuttii	Orcutt's woody-aster	1
51	Borag	Cryptantha angustifolia	narrow-leaved cryptantha	2		99
52	Borag	Cryptantha barbigera	bearded cryptantha		99	99
53	Borag	Cryptantha decipiens	gravel cryptantha		99	30
54	Borag	Cryptantha holoptera	winged cryptantha			5
55	Borag	Cryptantha maritima	Guadalupe cryptantha	1	99	99
56	Borag	Cryptantha pterocarya	wing-nut cryptantha			99
57	Borag	Cryptantha racemosa	bushy cryptantha	3	63	15
58	Borag	Cryptantha utahensis	scented cryptantha		40	10
59	Borag	Emmenanthe penduliflora var. penduliflora	whispering bells	1		99
60	Borag	Nama demissum var. demissum	purple mat			1
61	Borag	Nama hispidum var. spathulatum	hispid nama	1
62	Borag	Pectocarya heterocarpa	chuckwalla pectocarya	1		99
63	Borag	Pectocarya peninsularis	Baja pectocarya			50
64	Borag	Pectocarya platycarpa	broad-fruited combseed	1		20
65	Borag	Pectocarya recurvata	curvenut combseed	1		99
66	Borag	Phacelia cicutaria var. hispida	caterpillar phacelia		30	30
67	Borag	Phacelia crenulata var. crenulata	heliotrope phacelia	2
68	Borag	Phacelia crenulata var. minutiflora	little-flowered heliotrope phacelia	6	1	99
69	Borag	Phacelia distans	common phacelia	1	7	99
70	Borag	Phacelia pedicellata	pedicellate phacelia	1	1	99
71	Borag	Tiquilia palmeri	Palmer's coldenia	3		31
72	Borag	Tiquilia plicata	plicate coldenia	2
73	Brass	Boechera perennans	perennial rock-cress	1
74	Brass	Brassica tournefortii	*Asian mustard		1	99
75	Brass	Caulanthus cooperi	Cooper's jewel-flower		1	10
76	Brass	Caulanthus lasiophyllus	California mustard			99
77	Brass	Descurainia pinnata ssp. glabra	smooth western tansy-mustard	1	20	25
78	Brass	Dithyrea californica	spectacle-pod	1		5
79	Brass	Draba cuneifolia	wedge-leaved draba			60
80	Brass	Lepidium lasiocarpum ssp. lasiocarpum	hairy-podded pepper-grass	4		99
81	Brass	Lyrocarpa coulteri	Coulter's lyrepod	3	26	11
82	Burse	Bursera microphylla	elephant tree	3	99	94
83	Cacta	Cylindropuntia bigelovii	teddy-bear cholla	Rb	55	20
84	Cacta	Cylindropuntia echinocarpa	silver cholla	2		99
85	Cacta	Cylindropuntia ganderi	Gander's cholla	Rb	99	99
86	Cacta	Cylindropuntia ramosissima	pencil cholla			50
87	Cacta	Ferocactus cylindraceus	California barrel cactus	1	99	99
88	Cacta	Mammillaria dioica	California fish-hook cactus	3	15	95
89	Cacta	Mammillaria tetrancistra	fish-hook cactus	1		8
90	Cacta	Opuntia basilaris var. basilaris	beavertail cactus	Rb	9	99
91	Campa	Nemacladus glanduliferus	glandular nemacladus			99
92	Campa	Nemacladus rubescens	desert nemacladus	2
93	Campa	Nemacladus tenuis var. tenuis	desert threadplant			1
94	Caryo	Achyronychia cooperi	frost mat	1		1
95	Cheno	Atriplex canescens var. canescens (s.l.)	four-wing saltbush
96	Cheno	Atriplex hymenelytra	desert holly	2
97	Cheno	Atriplex polycarpa	cattle saltbush
98	Cheno	Chenopodium murale	*nettle-leaved goosefoot			3
99	Cheno	Suaeda nigra	bush seepweed
100	Cleom	Cleomella obtusifolia	Mojave cleomella	1
101	Convo	Cuscuta californica var. papillosa	papillate dodder			10
102	Crass	Dudleya arizonica	Arizona chalk dudleya		1
103	Cucur	Cucurbita palmata	coyote melon	1	2
104	Eupho	Chamaesyce abramsiana	Abrams' prostrate spurge
105	Eupho	Chamaesyce melanadenia	red-gland spurge	1
106	Eupho	Chamaesyce micromera	Sonoran spurge	1	21	5
107	Eupho	Chamaesyce polycarpa	small-seeded spurge	6	57	99
108	Eupho	Chamaesyce setiloba	Yuma spurge		99	99
109	Eupho	Croton californicus	California croton	3		2
110	Eupho	Ditaxis lanceolata	narrowleaf ditaxis	1	99	99
111	Eupho	Ditaxis neomexicana	New Mexico ditaxis	5		22
112	Eupho	Ditaxis serrata var. californica	California ditaxis	1
113	Eupho	Ditaxis serrata var. serrata	Yuma ditaxis
114	Eupho	Euphorbia eriantha	beetle spurge	1	6	20
115	Eupho	Stillingia linearifolia	linear-leaved stillingia	1
116	Fabac	Acmispon maritimus var. brevivexillus	short-bannered coastal lotus		31	11
117	Fabac	Acmispon maritimus var. maritimus	coastal lotus	2
118	Fabac	Acmispon rigidus	desert lotus	1	85	22
119	Fabac	Acmispon strigosus	strigose lotus	2	1	99
120	Fabac	Astragalus aridus	annual desert milk-vetch	1
121	Fabac	Astragalus crotalariae	Salton milk-vetch	6
122	Fabac	Astragalus palmeri	Palmer's milk-vetch	1
123	Fabac	Calliandra eriophylla	fairyduster	2
124	Fabac	Dalea mollis	silky dalea			14
125	Fabac	Dalea mollissima	downy dalea	3		1
126	Fabac	Hoffmannseggia microphylla	narrow hoffmannseggia	1
127	Fabac	Lupinus arizonicus	Arizona lupine	2	25	99
128	Fabac	Lupinus concinnus	bajada lupine		5	17
129	Fabac	Marina parryi	Parry's marina	2
130	Fabac	Olneya tesota	ironwood			14
131	Fabac	Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana	honey mesquite
132	Fabac	Psorothamnus emoryi	Emory's indigo-bush	3
133	Fabac	Psorothamnus schottii	indigo bush	5	23	99
134	Fabac	Psorothamnus spinosus	smoke tree			99
135	Fabac	Senegalia greggii	catclaw	Rb	99	99
136	Fouqu	Fouquieria splendens ssp. splendens	ocotillo	9	99	99
137	Geran	Erodium cicutarium	*redstem filaree		3	4
138	Geran	Erodium texanum	Texas filaree	1		17
139	Krame	Krameria bicolor	white rhatany	5	23	99
140	Krame	Krameria erecta	Pima rhatany		12	1
141	Lamia	Hyptis emoryi	desert-lavender	6	99	99
142	Lamia	Salvia columbariae	chia			1
143	Lamia	Salvia vaseyi	Vasey's sage		8	2
144	Loasa	Mentzelia albicaulis	white-stemmed blazing star		3	1
145	Loasa	Mentzelia involucrata	bracted blazing star		11	16
146	Loasa	Petalonyx thurberi ssp. thurberi	Thurber's sandpaper-plant	1
147	Malva	Ayenia compacta	ayenia		2
148	Malva	Eremalche rotundifolia	desert five-spot	4		40
149	Malva	Hibiscus denudatus	rock hibiscus	2	67	99
150	Malva	Horsfordia newberryi	Newberry's velvet mallow	2	72	45
151	Malva	Sphaeralcea ambigua var. ambigua	apricot mallow		5	6
152	Malva	Sphaeralcea angustifolia	copper globemallow	1
153	Malva	Sphaeralcea emoryi var. emoryi	Emory's globemallow
154	Monti	Calyptridium monandrum	sand cress			1
155	Monti	Cistanthe ambigua	desert red maids	1
156	Nycta	Abronia villosa var. villosa	hairy sand-verbena			2
157	Nycta	Allionia incarnata var. incarnata	trailing four o'clock	4	1	99
158	Nycta	Boerhavia triquetra var. intermedia	fivewing spiderling		87	75
159	Nycta	Boerhavia wrightii	Wright's spiderling		1	99
160	Nycta	Mirabilis laevis var. retrorsa	Bigelow's desert four-o'clock	2	1	99
161	Nycta	Mirabilis tenuiloba	slender-lobed four o'clock	6	99	74
162	Oleac	Menodora scabra var. glabrescens	broom twinberry	Rb
163	Oleac	Menodora scabra var. scabra	rough desert olive	1
164	Onagr	Camissoniopsis pallida ssp. pallida	pale sun-cup	1
165	Onagr	Chylismia brevipes	yellow cups	2
166	Onagr	Chylismia cardiophylla ssp. cardiophylla	heartleaf sun-cup	1	50	21
167	Onagr	Chylismia claviformis ssp. peirsonii	brown-eyed primrose	6		99
168	Onagr	Eremothera boothii ssp. condensata	Booth's evening primrose	3		99
169	Onagr	Eremothera refracta	narrow-leaf sun-cup	2		99
170	Onagr	Eulobus californicus	California suncup		99	99
171	Onagr	Oenothera deltoides ssp. deltoides	dune primrose
172	Oroba	Orobanche cooperi	Cooper's broom-rape	2		2
173	Papav	Argemone munita	prickly poppy	1
174	Papav	Eschscholzia minutiflora ssp. minutiflora	small-flowered poppy	4		99
175	Papav	Eschscholzia parishii	Parish's poppy	2		99
176	Phrym	Mimulus bigelovii var. bigelovii	Bigelow's monkeyflower	1		99
177	Plant	Mohavea confertiflora	ghost flower	1		99
178	Plant	Penstemon clevelandii var. clevelandii	Cleveland's beardtongue		2	3
179	Plant	Plantago ovata	desert plantain	4		99
180	Polem	Aliciella latifolia ssp. latifolia	broad-leaf gilia			25
181	Polem	Eriastrum eremicum ssp. eremicum	desert woolly-star		20
182	Polem	Gilia stellata	star gilia	3		99
183	Polem	Langloisia setosissima ssp. setosissima	bristly langloisia	1		4
184	Polyg	Chorizanthe brevicornu var. brevicornu	brittle spineflower	2	3	20
185	Polyg	Chorizanthe corrugata	wrinkled spineflower	1
186	Polyg	Chorizanthe rigida	devil's spineflower	2		99
187	Polyg	Eriogonum deflexum var. deflexum	flat-topped buckwheat	2
188	Polyg	Eriogonum fasciculatum var. polifolium	California buckwheat	2	5	8
189	Polyg	Eriogonum inflatum	desert trumpet	4	55	72
190	Polyg	Eriogonum thomasii	Thomas' buckwheat	4		99
191	Polyg	Eriogonum wrightii var. nodosum	Wright's buckwheat	1	2
192	Polyg	Pterostegia drymarioides	threadstem			42
193	Resed	Oligomeris linifolia	lineleaf whitepuff	1		1
194	Rosac	Prunus fremontii	desert apricot	1	1
195	Rubia	Galium stellatum	star-flowered bedstraw		7
196	Rutac	Thamnosma montana	turpentine broom	2
197	Simmo	Simmondsia chinensis	jojoba	2	15
198	Solan	Datura discolor	desert thornapple	1		99
199	Solan	Datura wrightii	sacred datura
200	Solan	Lycium andersonii	Anderson's desert-thorn	2	3
201	Solan	Lycium fremontii	Fremont's boxthorn
202	Solan	Nicotiana obtusifolia	desert tobacco	4	21	15
203	Solan	Physalis crassifolia	thick-leaved ground cherry	2	10	94
204	Tamar	Tamarix ramosissima	*saltcedar	1
205	Urtic	Parietaria hespera var. hespera	pellitory			40
206	Visca	Phoradendron californicum	desert mistletoe	3	50	99
207	Zygop	Fagonia pachyacantha	sticky fagonia	4	1	99
208	Zygop	Kallstroemia californica	California caltrop	2
209	Zygop	Larrea tridentata	creosote bush	10	99	99
210	Zygop	Tribulus terrestris	*puncture-vine
Monocots
211	Agava	Agave deserti var. deserti	desert agave	1	99	6
212	Agava	Hesperocallis undulata	desert lily	2		5
213	Poace	Aristida adscensionis	six-weeks three-awn	3	12	99
214	Poace	Aristida purpurea	purple three-awn		53	2
215	Poace	Aristida purpurea var. parishii	Parish three-awn	3
216	Poace	Bouteloua aristidoides var. aristidoides	needle grama	2	6	99
217	Poace	Bouteloua barbata var. barbata	six-weeks grama		1	50
218	Poace	Dasyochloa pulchella	fluff grass	2	21
219	Poace	Festuca bromoides	*brome fescue			53
220	Poace	Hilaria rigida	big galleta	5	53	99
221	Poace	Muhlenbergia microsperma	littleseed muhly		1	2
222	Poace	Schismus barbatus	*Mediterranean schismus			99

Identifying Notes for Some Taxa

#	FAM	Scientific Name	Notes
1	Asteraceae	Chaenactis xantiana	longest phyllaries 10-18 mm, bases glabrous, tips densely puberulent, glands 0; corollas radial; peduncles not glandular
2	Asteraceae	Filago arizonica	heads in forks and tips of branches
3	Fabaceae	Caesalpinia virgata	hairy shrub 0.5-2 m, branches gen lfless, rush-like, green; lf odd-2 ternate-pinnate, 1 deg lflets 3; fr sickle-shaped, 1.5-2.5 cm
4	Fabaceae	Calliandra eriophylla	shrub < 30 cm; lvs even 2-pinnate; fr 5 cm, flat
5	Hydrophyllaceae	Nama hispidum var. spathulatum	st ascending to erect; seeds fusiform, yellow to orange
6	Malvaceae	Sphaeralcea angustifolia	lvs linear-lanceolate
7	Oleaceae	Menodora scabra	herbage rough-puberulent to scabrous; calyx lobes 8-11; upper lf length < 4 x width
8	Oleaceae	Menodora scoparia	herbage ~glabrous; calyx lobes 5-8; upper lf length > 5 x width
9	Onagraceae	Camissonia brevipes	Voucher may be C. cardiophylla. C. cardiophylla is a perennial with cauline, simple lvs, and sepals with non-free tips; C. brevipes is an annual gen with a well-developed basal rosette, with simple to 1-pinnate leaves, and sepals with free tips.

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Voucher data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria (ucjeps.berkeley.edu/consortium/)

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• Plants of Southern California: Regional Floras